Travel Agency Management

{draw:frame} TRAVEL AGENCY MANAGEMENT HTM 1213 COURSE WORK INTRODUCTION {draw:g} MY COMPANY NAME: LOVE TOUR COMPANY SDN. BHD *SHARE HOLDER: 30% OF *BUMIPUTRA (MOHAMAND ALIZAH) TOTAL CAPITAL: RM 300,000 LOCATION: PLAZA 393 *EMPLOYEE: TOTAL* 5 PEOPLE OFFICE SPACE: 200sq LOGO DESIGN *Reasons for the above design*: Red colou*r is love, passion. This color is very shinning and striking can attract customer. * And can boost our energy. *Red is my favorite colo*u*r*. *R*epresent we give customer a good professional service ,a nice caring and friendly tour guide service. draw:frame} Reasons of Why I Choose This Location Shopping square the place for a recreation, when busy within, have any incident go, think surplus thing as people. The shopping plaza is that one lets people slow down the step, the relaxed and good time of leisure temporarily. I choose in the reason of the shopping plaza is people have information of paying attention to the travel society on the way when going shopping. Ther e are many convenient in the shopping plaza. There is Teller-Stella, there are security personnel, and crowds are numerous too. Whenever Sunday, a family is will choose to go to shopping square as their good time for recreation even more when will come out to go shopping. These customers group can attract at this moment. My major customers are students and the family is the main fact. The crowd in shopping square are students and the family mostly, and the potential customer who I want to look for. Products that tourist corporation of me introduce unique with ultralow price products and extra prize that buy one get one free that trivial RM200 can travel abroad too as the main fact. The red signboard by the products of our company will be attracted with when people come to shopping. I will select my company office in the center of shop of the middle of the first floor. All are famous of brand companies in the ground floor. In this way sight so famous-brand company or some mega-store those Focus Club of customer. Select to avoid losing more competitors on the first floor. The first floor is easier to attract to like going shopping generally, stroll around to the students of the dress boutique it with parents' customer. The cheap ground floor too of rental upstairs is numerous generally. There are a lot of facilities on shopping square, for example: The market offers ATM, have security personnel, more parking stalls. The convenient parking stall will let the customer like to come to the company personally too. The place where it is very inconvenient to choose one and park, the traffic is crowded, very far away and remote place of car park, the customer will not want to come over to the company often. Shopping have some insurance company too, bank, let staff working facility of company of me, like the customer buys the tourist insurance, the company can cooperate with neighboring insurance company. We can offer service of buying tourist insurance on behalf. {draw:frame} {draw:frame} LOVE TOUR PROMOTION PACKAGER LOCAL Package (Full Board) 3day 2 nights *LANGKAWI* package *From *RM *1*99/per pax Include 3 star accommodations and transport and 5 meal. Day 1: drive bus to LANGKAWI Day3: full day tour 3day2night Bali Family Package Day 01: Transfer in to hotel, then hotel dinner Day 02: Full Day Tour, tour visit: Barong Dance of Batubulan, Galuh Batik Factory, Holy spring water of Tampak Siring, Mount Batur of Kintamani, Sukawati Art Market shopping centre. Lunch & Dinner at local restaurant Day 03: Breakfast at hotel, transfer out to airport Reason This area location is a low income of family and small middle class family. So, the package can’t design a high standard of tour packager. The tour budget accord with low income family. LOVE TOUR OFFICE DECOR (200sq) {draw:g} {draw:frame} DECOR DETAIL At sale and reservation ticket counter station, have two table, chair and customers chair. Table color is white color. Officer chair is black color. Customer chair is red color. Staff provides information on tour highlight, pricing, flight details etc. At behind office site, have a safe box and printer and three database cases. This can prevent thief. The mirror is installed on the wall, can make the office seem more spacious. {draw:g} {draw:frame} {draw:g} {draw:g} {draw:frame} Organization Structure of Love Tour Company Organization Chart {draw:frame} The Company Has Five Employees: Two employees work in sales and plan the tour operation. One employee coordinates scheduling and reservations; One employee performs HR, billing, and office management duties; Another individual owns the company and serves as the owner. List of Qualities Sale executive Possesion of a Professional Certificate, Diploma, Advanced/Higher/Graduate Diploma, Bachelor's Degree, Post Graduate Diploma or Professional Degree in Human Resource Management, Marketing, Property Development/Real Estate Management, Hospitality/Tourism/Hotel Management or equivalent is preferable. Required language(s): Chinese, English At least 2 year(s) of working experience in the related field is required for this position. Preferably Senior Executives specializing in Hotel Management/Tourism Services or equivalent. Job role in Hotel Manager or Travel Coordinator/Agent. 1 Full-Time positions available. Applicants should be Malaysian citizens or hold relevant residence status. Travel Consultants Minimum SPM Good command of English, Mandarin and Bahasa Malaysia Knowledge in airlines ticket reservation preferred. Diploma in Travel Tourism is an advantage. Computer literate. , Age below 30 years old. Accounting Full time, †¢must possess at least a Diploma or Advanced/Higher/Graduate Diploma in Finance/Accountancy/Banking or equivalent †¢ Female aged below 30 years & computer literate †¢ Able to communicate in written & spoken Mandarin & English Requires an understanding of accounting and proficient in USB,MS Excel, database experience and GL entries.

Class or Mass Case Analysis Essay

Class- or Mass?: Case QuestionsNeptune Gourmet is facing the problem of an inventory pileup. The company needs a way to sell the excess inventory. At the same time many new ships were purchased and expected to operate, which increases supply. Rita Sanchez proposes a cut in prices of the product by fifty percent. This price cut poses a problem due to the fact the Neptune Seafood is a premium product and usually sells for a higher price than the competition. In order to maintain the premium product image Sanchez proposes starting a mass market brand to decrease inventory. There are many variables but some of the bigger ones include; creating the separate brand at all and whether or not the new brand would be associated or separate from the current Neptune brand. Some executives agree with Sanchez while others take the side of Jim Hargrove in disagreement of the proposal. The dilemma is whether the company should start a new brand and price it at fifty percent of the Neptune Gold brand in order to increase sales and decrease inventory. The executives have many conflicting opinions about the effects on the image of the Neptune brand if this method of inventory reduction is carried out. The goal of research for Neptune is to determine the effects on the consumer’s views if a new brand is implemented. How well would a new brand perform entering the current market? Is there already a popular brand on the market that has the low cost segment secured? Neptune should look into what their competition would be in an almost new market. This new brand would likely be seen as lower quality due to the price. With the Neptune name associated the quality image would be strengthened for the lower price product. As mentioned in the case would the grocers fail to stock the product for fear of competition with the stores own private label product?Should the brand be associated with the current Neptune Gold brand or would that hurt the current premium product image. If the name of the new less expensive brand was Neptune Silver, as suggested, but had the quality of Neptune Gold would customers be lost to the lower priced product. Would the lower priced product increase the market size into a lower income bracket? Again, what is the market currently like for low priced seafood? One of the important strengths of Neptune is the fact that all of their products have the Association of Seafood Processors and  Distributors â€Å"Gold Seal of Approval†. If this new brand didn’t have that seal would that also affect the company image?If this is a feasible investment what effects would flooding the market with a low priced product cause. Will other companies with inventory pile-ups respond and cause a price war? The other companies in the market are bound to do something in response to the low prices. If Neptune chooses to do nothing with the stockpiled inventory another company is likely to sell at a very low price to decrease inventory first. Is it a good idea to be a first mover and capture the low priced market early?Also, would targeting South and Central America be a favorable option? In a country where the lower price by U.S. standards wouldn’t seem quite as low, Neptune could keep its premium status while still decreasing inventory. In addition, expanding into other countries could prove to be a profitable venture. At the same time hopefully the expansion could increase demand and decrease the surplus of inventor y. Overall would the venture be profitable? More precisely is the infrastructure in South and Central America suited for distribution or would this cost reduce the feasibility of the investment. A market analysis would be a good starting approach to researching this plan of action. The first step is to define your target market. You need to know exactly what the consumers are like, and how large the market is for the lower price product. Here you could find out who is going to buy the product and how much demand there will be. Projections could be made on the affect to the market and what policies are in place that could decrease profitability. In solving the marketability issue this method along with a SWOT analysis would be very useful. With the problem Neptune is facing in regards to product image, I would use an exploratory approach to learning about the consumer. I would host focus groups to try and determine how the inexpensive brand is associated to the Neptune Gold brand. This would help determine if the brand should be associated closely with Neptune Gold or held distant from the core product. Should Neptune expand into Southern and Central America? Exploratory in-depth interviews would be a quality option for determining if the market would  accept the product or not. You could look for some secondary information on how other similarly priced seafood products performed in that region. The individual would be the best for a focus group in determining the product image dilemma. It could be determined if different financial groups would react differently to the new brand. For example; would the less expensive brand be substituted by the middle class individuals to save money?With a market analysis most of the information would be secondary. The research would involve finding the right data to give the best idea of how well a new product would do in the market. It’s possible that other institutions could be approached in search of information. This would give quality information on where and what would work best for Neptune. With the foreign market problem the research should be done on the retailers and suppliers for the most effective information. These people could tell you pricing and sales information of products currently sold in South and Central America. Also, culture in other countries has to be considered. Most of what you would need to know to enter a new market, the suppliers and retailers could convey through interviews.

Government Grants for Alternative Energy Source Research Paper

Government Grants for Alternative Energy Source - Research Paper Example Introduction As our world population grows day by day, it is becoming far more evident that our generations to come will have far more problems in their hands that they could handle. Alternative energy sources can evidently provide us with the edge we require to make this world a healthier place to live and more importantly to ensure the continuity of our future generations. Currently there are quite a few different establishments that are involved in researching alternate energy sources; it is a well known fact that our fossil fuel reserves will run out in the near future, depriving us of the leisure and comfort of our lives that some of us take for granted. One of the main problems that are faced with research is the fact that they require funding, however there are companies who are involved in such activities based on the assumption that there efforts will pay off in the near future, but is it enough? Evidently there is a strong need for governments to take the responsibility and provide gran ts to organizations that are involved in researching the fuels of the future. One of the biggest problems with the use of fossil fuels is the carbon dioxide emissions into the environment, everyday carbon dioxide is injected into our system, and these emissions stay there in our system building up every single day, it is the single most known factor for the global warming that our world faces (Alternative Energy, n.d.) There are quite a few different energy sources that are currently in use today, however the fact still remains that these sources are quite limited. According to British Petroleum and Royal Dutch Shell, by the year 2050 one third of our energy needs will have to be fulfilled by wind, solar and other renewable sources, the statement has been originated from the biggest oil companies in the world. (Alternative Energy, n.d.) Solar energy has been in existence for quite some time but still there are problems that need to be resolved. Solar energy is one of the best ways to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions, it has been calculated that a 1.5 kilowatt PV system will help reduce the carbon emissions by 110,000 pounds over the next 25 years (Alternative Energy, n.d.) Apart from reducing the carbon emissions the technology also helps in reducing the consumption of the limited fossil fuels, this figure of reduced conventional fuels comes out to be a reduction of around 60,000 pounds of coal (Alternative Energy, n.d.) There are added advantages of using such energy source; it eliminates the acid rains and overall pollution of the atmosphere. However it is not always that simple, the electrical suppliers are reluctant to change their conventional way of producing electricity, this is where the governments role is most important. Some of the argumentations present the fact that the production of the solar panels itself consumes a lot of energy, although the argument is self founded but many studies have shown that the amount of electricity used to make a solar panel is equivalent to the amount of electricity that the panel will generate in two years time, hence this debt will be paid in that time (Alternative Energy, n.d.) The other most common environmentally friendly power generation system is driven by the forces of nature itself, wind. This technology has been around for quite some time now; there are quite a few areas that are generating their complete power supply t hrough this system. Studies have shown that the use of wind power generation has doubled three times between 1999 and 2000; in the year 2000 the electricity produced by these systems was around 10,000 megawatts. This amount of electricity is enough to power five cities of the size of Miami (Alternative Energy, n.d.) Yet again there are problems associated with producing electri

Patient experience Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Patient experience - Coursework Example Quality and patient experience are interrelated to each other. â€Å"A positive patient experience is related to better health outcomes† (Johnson, 2014). A good patient experience depends mainly on the quality of care a patient receives during hospitalization and a bad patient experience also depends on the quality of care. Therefore, we can say that quality and patient experience go side by side in creating the image of any healthcare facility. If patient experience is not the best measure of health care quality, the alternatives that I would recommend as the best measure include measuring the increase or decrease in the number of patients coming to the healthcare facility and analyzing public perception about the healthcare facility. If people are satisfied with the quality of care, the number of patients coming for treatment increase and the opposite occur in the other case. Similarly, a survey can be conducted in which people living nearby the healthcare facility should be asked questions about the facility. If public perception about the facility will be good, it will mean that the facility provides a high quality of care to the patients. There can be the two alternatives to measure the quality of care being provided by any healthcare facility. Shattell, M., Hogan, B., & Thomas, S. (2005). "Its the people that make the environment good or bad": the patients experience of the acute care hospital environment. AACN Clin Issues, 16(2), pp.

Advance project management(project plan) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Advance project management(project plan) - Essay Example port will better inform centre’s stakeholders about the advances the centre is making and will serve as a tool for attracting funding to the organization. In order to achieve set goals and objectives of the project, it is critical to breakdown the workload and tasks, which should be done in order to complete the project. A work breakdown structure is a â€Å"deliverable oriented hierarchical decomposition of the work to be executed by the project team† (The Project Management Body of Knowledge, cited by Workbreakdownstructure.com, n.d.). Below is presented detailed work breakdown structure, with the details on sub-deliverables of the project. Success of any project depends on the accurate estimation of the activity duration. The project requires estimation of the various requirements of cost, time and resources throughout the project. In order to ensure that the project will be completed on time it is necessary to understand how much time each activity will require (Pcubed, n.d). Below is given the list of activities for this project, along with their estimated completion timeframe in weeks/days. Project initiation part is excluded from this list. Even though the estimation of each activity’s duration provides information of the time it will take to complete the whole project, activity duration estimation is dependent on the other elements of the project, including time and resource estimates (Pcubed, n.d.). This issue will be addressed in the next sections of the report. In order to complete the project there will be involved different stakeholders and people. It is critical to track roles and responsibilities of every team member (Viswanathan, 2014). The project team is comprised of 4 key people, including: project manager, marketing specialist, writer/editor, and staff assistant. This team will perform the main job related to the preparation of content of the Annual report, design, and bidding for subcontractors for designer’s work, printing and

Does Robert Bruce deserve to be remembered as a great Scottish king Essay - 4

Does Robert Bruce deserve to be remembered as a great Scottish king - Essay Example His ability to defeat most of his enemies enabled him to control a much larger part of Scotland; something that gave him the way forward and accorded him respect from his fellow citizens. He was also able to retain this independence up to his death, and this should be enough to keep him as a national hero that deserves such honour for gifting his country the most essential part of any liberal society. The fact that Robert the Bruce fought to free the Scottish society should be reason enough to have him remembered as a hero. The history of Robert the Bruce began in 1124 when the very first of the Bruce’s family arrived in Scotland. David Bruce was the first one, and he was able to settle in the lands of Annandale in Galloway and Dumfries (Whyte 2014: 12). This was enough to have the family recognised as one of the ruling dynasties, though the then king of England, who remotely ruled Scotland, wanted to use it as a way of wooing them to his side. Robert the Bruce was the son of Robert de Bruce, who was the sixth Lord of Annandale and Marjorie who was the Countess of Carrick (Brown 2004: 15). Robert the Bruce claimed the throne as David 1’s fourth great grandson. From his mother, he was able to inherit the Earldom of Carrick, and his father gave him the chance to have his chance at the Scottish throne. The family was also well endowed, having lands and estates in County Durham, Essex, Garioch and Middlesex (Brown 2008: 54). This allowed them to have a better chance of recognition from the go vernment in England, and that was a good thing for their survival. He had nine siblings, spending a huge part of his life together his brother Edward at the courts with the nobles. Little can be said of Robert’s youth because it was a little obscured by the hidden nature noted in many of the kingdoms then. Speculations would occur based on what people knew would happen in these kingdoms, since history did not record his existence until he was older. As such, there is a

International Security in the Global Era Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International Security in the Global Era - Essay Example The more popular of these theories, the realist and the neoliberal, however, have failed to provide a comprehensive understanding, or interpretive guideline, for state behaviour or, in fact, articulate a workable methodology for the enhancement of global security. Given the fact that both schools provide partial answers to the question at hand, one may argue that a more comprehensive understanding of the componential elements of global security is predicted upon the amalgamation of their arguments and interpretations. Neoliberals/liberals and realists/neorealists are locked in a perennial debate over the manner in which states define global/national security and the motivators for state behaviour within the international context. As Jervis (1999) notes, the primary area of contention between realists and liberals pertains to the source of inter-state conflict and whether it is engendered by relative or absolute gains. Identifying the state as a sovereign actor and the most important unit within the global context, realists maintain that states act towards the fulfilment of absolute gains. Within the parameters of the articulated understanding, realism assumes that conflict, rather than cooperation, is the distinguishing feature of inter-state relationships (Jervis, 1999). Concurring with Jervis' (1999) assessment of the neorealist/realist school's perception of the motivators for state behaviour, Wendt (1992) adds that the explicated perception is fundamentally predicated on the realist conceptualisation of both the international order as anarchic and of human nature as predatory. The realist tradition quite simply maintains that within the absence of a supra-state global institution as would govern state behaviour, states act towards the fulfilment of their self-defined interests, often operating in a predatory fashion, because they can (Wendt, 1992). Accordingly, and as Wendt (1992) states, realists primarily define the global order as a "self-help" system (p. 392) insofar as state actors therein are largely free to fulfil, or at least attempt to fulfil, their ambitions, often to the detriment of other states. The liberal/neoliberal tradition is, seemingly, sharply distinguished from the above insofar as it tends towards the assumption that global system is institutionalised and that state behaviour therein is not only governable but is naturally inclined towards cooperation. Both Jervis (1999) and Wendt (1992) highlight this particular neoliberal assumption and, to a degree, are supportive of it. Wendt (1992), for example, notes that the neoliberal school is fundamentally realist and rational insofar as it recognises the existence of anarchy, contrary to the neorealist assumption that neoliberals dispute this particular characteristic of the global order but, maintains that this does not function as an obstacle towards cooperation. In fact, those realists who concede to the anarchic nature of the global order contend that this functions as a motivator for cooperation and the creation of global institutions, insofar as rationality dictates that the former and the latter combine to enhance

AMA2.2ETHDB Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

AMA2.2ETHDB - Article Example A physician has the responsibility of explaining to the patient the benefits, risks, and alternatives so as to enable the patient to make informed decisions or give informed consent. The nurse has the duty of acting as the patient’s advocate and playing a key role in getting patients consider the consequences or alternatives of refusing or accepting care (Weingart et al 2009). The nurse ought to document all efforts to give the patient the necessary information to decide to accept or refuse care. Documentation, thus, ought to be objective including information such as the date, time, who spoke with the patient, the content of what the information that the patient was given, the comments that the patient made, and the final disposition. Documentation of details such as telephone numbers, names, and referrals made by the nurse should be given to the patient on discharge with a listing or description of any instructions given verbally or preprinted forms (Pennycook et al 2011). P roper documentation would be done in the body of the chart of the patient. Other elements to be documented would be their capacity for decision-making, the decision of the patient, the risks that were revealed, the patient’s understanding of the risks, and the signatures of both the physician and the patient. It is advisable to use a comprehensive AMA form to increase proper documentation. Emergency physicians ought to do an assessment of the AMA form to ensure that it is adequate, and in cases where a patient declines to sign the AMA form, the physician is expected to read it aloud, keep a documentation of refusal to sign including the fact that the patient was made aware of the risks of leaving (Schaefer, 2012). With the prevalence of against medical advice medical discharges and the severe problems that they present, physicians of emergency departments always make attempts to prevent patients from leaving against medical advice, but when it is unavoidable, three requiremen ts are normally expected to be met so that the AMA process can grant optimal legal protection; the patient should be considered to have the capacity to refuse care, a disclosure of all potential risks to the patient, and the against medical advice consent be documented properly in the chart (Brown, 2012). Since the law dictates the patient’s right to refusal of medical care, and since treatment without consent could be considered battery, at the point where a patient signs out AMA, they are exercising this right of refusing medical care. Should it be determined that the patient is incapable of making the decision, then it will be unethical and illegal for the physician to allow a discharge that could lead to imperiling the life and health of the patient. In as much as a patient has the legal right to refuse medical care, the exercising of this right is solely dependent of the patient’s capacity of decision-making. A formal assessment would normally be done on the patie nt to determine their decision-making capacity (Brown, 2012). The ethical obligation of disclosure of all risks associated with the patient’s leaving AMA is a secondary tool and requirement for risk management. It is also worth-noting that the appearance of the patient’s signature on the AMA form does not necessarily give a

Roles of an operations manager Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Roles of an operations manager - Essay Example The paper tells that in operations management, the focus of the management team is to utilize the few resources available to achieve the organizational goals, hence bringing up immense satisfaction from the target customers. Essentially, there is an aspect of conversion of inputs to outputs, in all the resources that are critical in a firm such as energy, labor, and raw materials. Primarily, the term organizational outputs may refer to the products or services that the firm does target to distribute to their target clients. Stevenson in his research found out that operations management is a field in which the managerial team does focus on ensuring smooth flow and success of technical and physical functions of a firm. Additionally, the functions of manufacturing development and production also fall under the same department. First, it is necessary to have a picture of the functions of an operations manager, which are classified into four categories. These categories include developmen t of operational strategies, business operations improvement, management of the daily operations of the business, and personal knowledge development. In addition to that, the operation manager does cut the control costs in any business organization as Stevenson and Sum expound. Most significantly, a well-managed organization can have a clear reflection of the effect of its good management through an upsurge and consistency of profitability. To ensure that the profit is maximum, an operations manager wills hence make a clear evaluation of the costs involved in the production process, and critically reduces the increase or eliminates any unnecessary costs. Through such, an operations manager becomes the heartbeat of an organization. He will aid the organization to serve its client better. The manager will oversee the daily delivery of the products and services of the firm. Achievement and success of the function are facilitated through liaising with other department’s multi-sec toral approach.

Investing in stocks and bonds Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Investing in stocks and bonds - Term Paper Example Consequently, the value of stock for that corporation tend to reflect the corporation’s earnings and experiences, going up when it is profitable and down when the company is experiencing losses. In essence, the higher the return potential, the higher the amount of risk associated with the stock. For example, investors in stock expect a high rate of return since they do not have a set schedule for repayment or fixed rate of return such as those in fixed-income securities. Even within this world of stocks, variations do exist in reward and return (Tyson, 2011). Blue chip stocks refer to stocks issued by corporations, which are firmly established within their given industries and possess a long history of paying dividends and producing earnings. Small capitalization stocks refer to shares from companies that are not that well established but have tremendous potential for growth. This can translate into a significant return for the investor. However, this comes with an increased potential for a greater decrease in value than would be expected from, say, a more established company. Bonds, on the other hand, involve making loans to corporations and other entities by investors (Wyckoff, 2009). Other entities normally involve various branches of the government that issue bonds to attract injection of capital without giving the investor managing control. In effect, the holder of the bond holds an IOU. If we were to invest in bonds, we would not expect any share in profits and would get a fixed investment return. This return is an interest rate on the bond and is also referred to as the coupon rate. It is calculated as the total percentage of the initial offering price of the bond. Bonds, just like common stocks, have a fluctuating market value, and if they are sold before their maturity date, they could produce a loss or gain in principle value (Wyckoff, 2009). If we were to invest

Nineteen Eighty Four - Dystopian Society Essay Example for Free

Nineteen Eighty Four Dystopian Society Essay In the novel â€Å"Nineteen Eighty-Four† George Orwell created the dystopian society of Oceania, where the government has complete control of the language used by citizens. Aside from individuals of lower social class called the â€Å"Proles,† the â€Å"Party† constantly watches everyone. In an attempt to eliminate any chances of rebellion against the Party, they created the new language of â€Å"Newspeak. † Newspeak eliminates any controversial words along with all synonyms, antonyms and verbs. By doing this, the government has gained the power of meaning. Syme, a specialist in Newspeak tells the main character Winston exactly what control Newspeak has allowed the Party to have. â€Å"Don’t you see the whole aim of Newspeak is the narrow the range of thought? In the end we shall all make thoughtcrime literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it. † (Orwell 54). Along with that, the Party also has complete control of written language by altering history related documents to match the history that is in favor of this political power. The altering of these documents is what happens to be Winston’s job. While at work Winston pondered the power of being able to control the past, coming to a startling realization. As written by the narrator of the novel, â€Å"the past, he reflected had not only been altered, it had actually been destroyed. For how could you establish even the most obvious fact when there existed no record outside your own memory? † (Orwell 36). On top of being historically mislead, citizens are restricted of express any thought of their own or any way to voice against the Party. When you no truthful record for the past, the past doesn’t exist. When you have no words to associate with a meaning, the meaning behind the word then vanishes just like the political history of Oceania. For these reasons, a society with government restricted verbal and written language is one that proves to be dystopian.

Management Information System Essay Example for Free

Management Information System Essay In this subject, we tackled about the information technology system. Based in our generation today computers is the one of the most important in our country to communicate other, to make process easier and to help the businessman/ investor, to make faster in their work. When using computer, people can know work together as if they were sitting next to each other today the internet is a networks of networks, with a millions of servers or permanent cable link, they can access a huge number from internet servers, to research, participate in electronics discussion, shop, make purchase and make payments. In an economy that produces and consumes so much information managers must know how to use information system and virtually every business activity without information none of these activities or the decision making that underlies management is possible. Practically the only tool to handle is important resource is information technology they also tackled all about the types of information system. There are the transaction processing system, supply change management system, customer relationship management system, business intelligence system, decision support and expert system geographic information system. This types of information system gives supports one or more of this activities to transacts business with other parties , to produce in a product or services because the information that provides supports planning of shipping resources such as personnel, funds, raw materials and vehicles. They also tackled about the telecommunication. Telecommunication is the transmittal data and information from one points to another also the data communication it is transfer of data between computer and another device. In management and information system you can create a new and unique products or services that many organization and individual need gives an organization a great competitive advantage. We also tackled about the difference between effectiveness and efficiency. Effectiveness is the degree to which a goal is achieve while efficiency is determine by the relationship between resources expended and the benefits gain in achieving goal. Example, when you efficiency in your class the teacher is an effectiveness just like in management information system. People require information for many reasons and in varied ways. In business, people and organization seek and use information specifically to make some sound  decision and to solve problems too closely related practice that form the foundations of every successful compa ny. The computer a convenient means to execute the for main operations of information system the input, data processing, output and storage. It in business computers have changed the face of our business and personal lives as few others modern devices we have because computer is an electronic device design to accept input data process data, output information and store data of information for future used. We also tackled the strategies of information system the word strategy originates from Greek word â€Å"strategos† meaning general. A strategy is a plan to gain an advantage over the enemy other discipline especially business have borrowed the term as u know from media coverage, corporate executive often discuss actions in ways that make business competition sound like war. Business people must device decisive courses of action to win just as generals do. In business, a strategy is a plan design to help an organization outperform is competitors. Many strategies do not and cannot involve information system but increasingly, corporations are able to implement certain strategies such as maximizing sales and lowering cost – thanks to the innovation use of information system in other words better information gives corporation a competitive advantage in the market place. The internet has been the most exciting development in the field of information system and telecommunications the combination of advance telecommunication technology and innovative software is revolutionizing the way we communicate shop, make contracts and payments, educate, learn and conduct business. With the introduction of graphical interface on the internet world wide web, numerous companies throughout the world have established a Net presence. The World Wide Web became the killer application of the internet the new application brought multimedia to the internet. If without management information system in our economy many investors and businessman cannot deliver a thing at the right time. The internet was a communications network connecting government agencies, universities, and research institutions and it could transmit only text. Management information system is a beautiful subject even if not easy because in this subject is you can learn about the purpose of information system, the components of information system, the four processing, information system in business function, careers in information system. I know that this subject  is not easy to learn because it is information technology, and how to make use a computer machine. So we are so lucky because in our generation we can use a modern technology. Ma’am you are SMART which means Specific and Contextual, Meaningful measures, Achievable within the resources, Realistic and Time- Targeted.

Impacts of Rising Healthcare Costs in the US

Impacts of Rising Healthcare Costs in the US Assessment 3: International Policies and Economic Dilemmas INTRODUCTION Health is highly valued by the community, and many would agree that â€Å"Health is indeed Wealth†. In this constantly changing environment what becomes of the counties’ financial wealth when health care costs are expanding beyond national income? In a New York Times interview, Victor Fusch argued that all our fiscal problems will be solved when the solution to healthcare spending is formulated (Koalata, 2012). How are countries able to cope with the increasing cost of healthcare spending while remaining fiscally sustainable? Sustainability of a decent healthcare system is further challenged by the global economic down-turn. High-quality healthcare is not necessarily expensive but does take a huge chunk of the government budget especially for countries with universal healthcare. While developed countries struggle to provide universal coverage, poorer nations find it hard to afford even the most basic health care services. IMPACT OF INCREASING HEALTHCARE COST TO NATIONAL AND INTERNATONAL POLICIES Healthcare is a challenging area for all nations. Cost, access and quality are three main factors that need careful consideration in healthcare policy regulation. The sky rocketing cost of healthcare is a gradually expanding international dilemma and its impact on a national and international level will be discussed in the following section. 2.1 International comparison: How does the U.S fare with other developed countries? The ailing healthcare system of the United States is no news to the world. For decades the healthcare system has placed a substantial amount of pressure on the country’s fiscal sustainability and at most a root cause of its fiscal problems (Koalata, 2012). On 2010, the United States spent about $8,508 USD per person which is 17.7% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product). That is 2.5 more than most of the developed countries’ healthcare expenditure like Canada (14.7% of GDP, $4,522 per person), New Zealand (9.5% of GDP, $3,925 per person) and United Kingdom (9.4% of GDP, $5,643 per person) where healthcare is universal (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Apart from rising administrative costs, another reason for the United States’ grandiose spending lies on its complex billing system- one that is arguably biased. In this system, healthcare providers can hand-pick their patients (Koalata, 2012). A more expensive health insurance mostly increases the likelihood of care, treatment and hospital admission or physician consultation. Therefore in most cases, people with private insurance are more eligible for healthcare services compared to the ones with government subsidised insurance such as Medicare and Medicaid. This leaves the country with a high level of inequity with regards to healthcare services. People who are underinsured, in many cases, might as well be considered uninsured. The United States Healthcare system is currently a mess, it has been for years now. In fact no country is as economically healthy as it is expected to be in lieu with their respective healthcare systems, although countries like Sweden and Canada surpass others in this regard (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Globally, the increasing cost for healthcare is due to numerous factors such as; an increasing ageing population, advancing technology, increasing expectations due to increasing income and a widening range of new treatments (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). 2.2 Addressing increasing costs in healthcare Every country has its respective healthcare issues. It is perfectly understood that no healthcare system is flawless. Every policy has its trade-offs. The measure of a successful policy however, lies on its flexibility and sustainability. 2.2.1 Cost-containment Cost-containment allows countries to put a cap on healthcare spending. In contrast to the United States, France and Japan use a common fee schedule which allows them to pay hospitals, doctors and other healthcare providers a uniform rate for most of the patients that they attend to. In addition, Japan ensures flexibility by lowering fees to certain areas that are growing faster than projected (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Similarly, The National Fund for the Insurance of Employed Workers (CNMATS) in France closely monitors spending on all kinds of services (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). If a particular area grows faster than expected, CNMATS intervenes by lowering the cost of the specific service (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Other interventions include monitoring prescription medication. Whenever appropriate, the physicians are encouraged to use cheaper generic drugs by employees in insurance funds sent by the CNMATS (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). In the United States, cost containment is very inflexible . Because the healthcare system mostly runs on private insurances, business owners have the choice of asking providers to contain their costs or passing on higher costs to patients with higher premiums. 2.2.2 Re-organizing Health care Information and communications technology effectively cuts down healthcare costs. Cutting back on healthcare professionals’ workload can immensely save a couple of dollars per hour. For example, Sweden uses electronic drug prescription where a message is sent directly from the doctor’s office to the pharmacy (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). This particular intervention cuts back an hour or two of the pharmacists’ work per day. Not only is the intervention efficient, it also increases effectiveness due to a decrease in medical errors. Another intervention would be admitting acute care patients in a community setting rather than a hospital setting (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Hospital admissions are far more expensive than clinics privately owned or governmentally operated. A health workforce mix can also be used to cut back on physician costs wherein nurses and pharmacists are allowed to do some of the physicians’ responsibilities (The Commonwealth Fund, 20 13). In a way, heath care mix alleviates the health workforce crisis at some extent. Impact on International Policies The World Health Organisation has made it clear that prevention is better than cure and is less expensive in most cases. As of 2013, WHO has focused on the prevention of communicable and non-communicable disease. Community and Public interventions mandated by WHO include cost-effective policies such as tax and price increase on tobacco products (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Developed and developing countries including Bangladesh, Egypt and Pakistan have gained substantial amount of profit and have saved many lives due to the regulation of the said policy (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Less smokers lead to lesser cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders (i.e. arteriosclerosis- a major pre-cursor to heart attacks and stroke, asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder). In addition taxes on alcoholic beverages have also been regulated which has significantly decreased accidents related to alcohol intoxication and cirrhosis occurrences (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and high blood pressure are very costly. Treatment and management of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and high blood pressure are very costly. Majority of NCD’s can be averted through interventions and policies that reduce major risk factors- such as obesity. Many preventive measures are cost-effective and have quick impact on the burden of disease at the population level. All the said preventative measures decreased the number of unnecessary disability and mortality which significantly cut back on health costs. POLICY INTERVENTION SOLUTION TO RISING HEALTH CARE COST 3.1 Education and Training A healthy population leads to sound development. With education, public awareness and training countries will be able to provide the necessary community healthcare needs –especially in rural areas. In other words, education leads to economic growth and a major tool in the solution of today’s economic crisis. New technology and new development of vaccines and chemotherapeutic agents are incapable of change on their own. They need vectors–healthcare workers who are well-trained and adequately motivated, to make a difference. Education and training provides public protection against environmental hazards and control of communicable diseases such as HIV- an estimated 35.3 (32.2–38.8) million carriers as of 2012 (WHO, 2008). A shortage of 4.3 million trained healthcare workers has been reported on 2006 (WHO, 2008). This shortage coupled with the burden of infectious and non-communicable diseases in developing countries and the ageing population in developed countries are placing increasing demands on health systems worldwide and are resulting in avoidable deaths and unnecessary disabilities. In addition to provision of treatment and care, healthcare workers are necessary in the spread of health awareness. One method that has proven effective in decreasing healthcare cost is the self-management program (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). The said program reduces the use of healthcare services among people with chronic illnesses. In the U.S about 70% of all healthcare expenditures are related to chronic illnesses. Recent studies have shown that a person can cut back on 2 years’ worth of healthcare expenditures (an average of USD $590) with a brief self-management training (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Apart from health improvement and less deterioration, the program also cuts on hospital stays and outpatient visits. 3.2 Tax Benefits and Payments to Caregivers Tax benefits serve as indirect compensation to caregivers wherein governments aim to encourage family members and relatives to assume the informal caregiver role. Through this policy, the cost of healthcare is minimised through reduction or delay of an individual’s institutionalization. Every country’s compensation plan differs from one another. Incentives are provided to suite the community’s need in lieu with the country’s provision capacity. Canada for example, gives out personal credits or what is often called as the â€Å"equivalent to spouse credit†- tax deductible incentives (Canadian Centre of Elder Law, 2013). In addition, Medical expenses credit is also available to further support caregivers with respective medical expenses (Canadian Centre of Elder Law, 2013). Even though Canada has a seemingly good compensation plan, it misses the ‘direct’ compensation aspect of the Caregiving Policy. In contrast, Australia, United Kingdom and France are able to provide direct compensation to informal caregivers wherein actual payments are given to care recipients for their services (Canadian Centre of Elder Law, 2013). U.K provides Care Allowances to support family caregivers via social security programs instead of providing tax incentives. In Australia, the ‘Carer Payment’ provides a bi-weekly benefit to caregivers where caregivers from both low to high-income families are supported (Canadian Centre of Elder Law, 2013). Approximately AUD $1,450 per month plus an annual bonus is provided by the government to support informal caregivers. In some European countries the ‘Family Caregiver Wage’ exists where family caregivers are given wages the same as a paid caregiver (Canadian Centre of Elder Law, 2013). 3.3 Respite Care Certain studies conducted in the United States, showed that the level of disability or care is directly proportional to work absences and inversely proportional to job acceptances (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Therefore, respite care is provided to support and provide temporary relief for family caregivers. Respite care can be utilized regularly or irregularly based on the caregivers’ transgression. Similar studies have showed that respite care results in fewer hospital admission and lower emotional health problems for both caregivers and care recipients (The Commonwealth Fund, 2013). Caregiver stress is a common problem for informal caregivers. Respite care prevents caregiver burn-out and relieves care-giver stress. These short breaks allow the caregivers to attend to urgent matters or provide themselves with the vacation that they deserve. The prevention of caregiver health problems through respite care eventually lowers healthcare cost. Business Regulation Combining Work and Caregiving ­ For the past decades, many employers have implemented working policies, programs and incentives for employees’ work-family needs. The work-family agenda that family advocates and professional human resource associations promote recognizes how difficult it is to juggle responsibilities at home with those at work. Employers are encouraged to embrace a work-family agenda not only because it creates a more positive relationship between employers and their employees, but it has positive economic effects as well. Failure to address family issues may cost employers billions annually due to lost productivity (Canadian Centre of Elder Law, 2013). Flexible workplace policies enhance employee’s productivity, reduce absenteeism, reduce costs, and appear to have positive effects on profit. In addition, these policies aid on the efforts of recruitment and retention wherein employers tend to retain a talented and knowledgeable workforce while money that would otherwise be used in the recruitment, selection and training of a new employee would be retained. Family has been referred to as the building block of a community. A healthy family is productive to both state government and business community. Therefore, the government must monitor the needs of the working force to sustain a productive economy. Financial support and provision of pension credits for care giving Reduced participation in paid employment has significant consequences for the family caregiver’s pension security. Lower income earnings undermine the caregiver’s ability to save for retirement and reduce accumulated pension credits (Canadian Centre of Elder Law, 2013). Informal Caregiving remains the least expensive form of care. In a household where people have to cut back on working hours or quit their jobs altogether, comprehensive measures need to be put in place to compensate for the services provided by caregivers. Although this area of provision remains inadequate to sustain most care-giver needs, many countries have paved the way for its innovation. ‘Carer Pension’ in Australia and Norway are provided to care givers who have not sustained employment due to their caregiver roles. Other Pension plans in Germany, France, U.K and Sweden act as contributions for family caregivers. CONCLUSION Healthcare cost inflation has risen yet again after its hibernation during the 1990’s. Billions are spent on healthcare cost annually with the United States at the forefront. Along with rising healthcare cost is rising dissatisfaction on the system. People are struggling to accept the price hike on healthcare indirectly proportional to the quality of the system. People’s dissatisfaction coupled with the impending crisis because of the healthcare price hike, policy makers have started to look on possible reforms to decrease healthcare costs without compromising access and quality. Expensive healthcare is increasingly becoming a burden especially to developing countries where healthcare provisions are of the most basic. Increasing cost of healthcare also increases the inequity gap for all countries. It means more people in poverty are getting lesser care and treatment than people above the poverty line. This goes against internationally established healthcare ethics. Unless a compromise or a solution is set in motion as soon as possible, problems arising from rising healthcare costs will become much more of a burden tomorrow that they are today. Strategies to contain or even reduce healthcare costs have been tried in recent years. Further education and training have been encouraged especially to poorer nations in an attempt to eradicate the shortage of healthcare workers and professionals. Adequate healthcare workers make a huge difference on a micro-economic and macro-economic level. In a bacterial or viral view, more vectors means faster transmission of illnesses and higher rates of mutation thus a swifter eradication of the human race. This theory applied to the healthcare worker shortage mean more workers for economic stability and more people against the spread of illness. Examples of these policies have been mentioned in the previous section. Education and Training is just one step that can make a huge difference when regulated properly and consistently. Caregiver incentives such as tax relief, pension credits and security benefits financially assist informal caregivers. These policies enable a more personal care provided to family members who are disabled, ageing or just incapable of self-maintained care. The international overview of these policies pave the way for a global reform. Although changes will be country specific, developing countries or other developed countries can make use of the template provided by the nations who have undergone reforms with positive outcomes. It is then important to look at evidence-based practice to further every nation’s development. Lastly, business policies on caregivers need to be put in careful consideration due to possible caregiver discrimination. A strong workforce is needed for an economy to remain sustainable. It is mostly through taxes gathered from the working class that a nation is able to operate. Thus employers have to be encouraged to establish a good relationship with its employees with regards to work hours and work incentives. No matter how many policies are put in place and no matter how many times a nation reforms its healthcare system, flexibility and sustainability of all the policies need to be solidified first. Trying times call for desperate measures and I believe that unless solutions are formulated soon, either the economy will fail or nations will give more of the citizens’ healthcare responsibilities at their own cost. To remain fiscally sustainable and capable of high quality healthcare provision, individual countries need to learn from each other’s policies and reforms. There is no ‘magic bullet’ for this healthcare dilemma but history has recorded that international cooperation remains the world’s only hope for any global struggle. References: Canadian Centre of Elder Law. (2013). Family Caregiving. Vancouver. Author. Kolata, G. (2012, March 5). Knotty Challenges in Health Care Costs. The New York Times. D6. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com The Commonwealth Fund. (2013). International Profiles of Health Care Systems, 2013. New York: Author. World Health Organisation [WHO]. (2008). Scaling Up, Saving Lives. London. Author. 1

The Causes of World War II Essay -- Papers

The Causes of World War II At the end of the First World War all the different countries such as France, United-Kingdom, United-States and Germany thought that the peace would last forever. However, as we have seen, they were terribly wrongà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ In 1939 a more violent and destructive war began. This time people fought all over the world, in Asia, Europe and also in the United-States (Pearl-harbour). I shall now explain what the main causes of the war were. The aggression began at the end of the First World War, when the Treaty of Versailles was signed and Germany was forced to pay a lot of money to France for the reparations of the obliterated cities. Their country (Germany) had to be divided in two parts, and they also had to limit their army to 100,000 men. The French army occupied the Rhineland, and the Sudetenland was also taken away from them. They couldn't say anything at the time, as they were held responsible for the war by the countries involvedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ but this increased friction between the countries. The Treaty of Versailles was a really important trigger because Hitler used the revocation of this pact as one of his main points to gain votes during the election of 1933. In 1933 Hitler became a part of the German government. In 1936 the president of Germany asked him, under the 'pressure of the parliament' to become the new Chancellor. Here he seized the opportunity and asked for full power. The entire parliament agreed, and felt that he was the man who could pull Germany out of the economic crisis that the country was going through. When he got full power, Hitler started to change and rebuild the German economy. His ... ... 1939 Hitler was signing pacts with countries so he wouldn't fight alone against countries that were at this time supposed to be powerful. There are a lot of reasons for World War Two to take place. Conclusion ========== The ending of the First World War I think carries the most important value because Germany was treated very harshly with the treaty of Versailles. It is fair to say that if the treaty of Versailles had not extracted so much from the Germans, it would not have made them so aggressive, or hungry for 'revenge'. It is like snatching a major part of your income awayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ it is obvious that you will not appreciate it and that there will be friction between you and the person who engulfed your money! With Germany, it is a similar case, but on a larger scale, and with much larger consequences.

Lasers And Their Uses :: essays research papers

Lasers and Their Uses We have all at some point in our lives used or seen someone use a laser. They are used in compact disc players for stereos or computers, laser surgery, laser printers, holography, cutting and borring metals, communication, bar-code scanners, etc. Over the past three decades' lasers have become a tool used daily by many people and they have become very useful in scientific research. As you can see lasers are a very useful and important tool which is why I have chosen this topic to write about. The term laser is an acronym. It stands for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation". They produce a narrow, intense beam of coherent light. In a laser the atoms or molecules of a crystal, like ruby or garnet-or of a gas, liquid, or other substance-are excited so that more of them are at higher energy levels than are at lower energy levels. If a photon whose frequency corresponds to the energy difference between the excited and ground states strikes an excited atom, the atom is stimulated, as it falls back to a lower energy state, to emit a second photon of the same frequency, in phase with and in the same direction as the bombarding photon. This process is called stimulated emission. The bombarding photon of the emitted photon may then strike other excited atoms, stimulating further emission of photons, all of the same frequency and phase. This process produces a sudden burst of coherent radiation as all the atoms discharge in a rapid chain reaction. The light beam produces is usually pencil thin and maintains its size and direction over very long distances. Lasers vary greatly in the way they look and what they are used for. Some lasers are as large as buildings while others can be the size of a grain of salt. There are many parts to lasers. I will now explain what they are and their uses. 1) Pumping systems: The pumping system is used to transmit energy to the atoms or molecules of the medium used in the laser. a. optical pumping systems uses photons provided by a source such as a Xenon gas flash lamp or another laser to transfer energy to the lasing material. The optical source must provide photons which correspond to the allowed transition levels of the lasing material. b. collision pumping relies on the transfer of energy to the lasing material by collision with the atoms or molecules of the lasing material. Again, energies which correspond to the allowed transition must be provided. This often done by electrical discharge in a pure gas - or gas mixture - in a tube.

International Laws Essay -- International Law

First coined by English philosopher Jeremy Bentham, international law is customarily recognized as the law that regulates the affairs between sovereign states, the foremost issue of international law. Public international law only concerns itself with the issues of rights involving a number of nations, or nations and its people, or matters of other nations. It differs from private international law, which deals with dissimilarity between private individuals, natural and/or juridical, by developing from circumstances that have a noteworthy relationship to more than one nation. (Brownlee, 2008) International law contains the necessary and typical notions of law in the national legal systems – â€Å"status, property, obligation, and tort.† (Hall, 2010) According to Ian Brownlee, this also incorporates substantive law, procedure, process and remedies. (2008) International law is deep-seated with the agreement of the nation states which represents the system. There are six major essential sections of international law: international economic law, international criminal law, international environmental law, international security law, international humanitarian law (or law of war), diplomatic law and international human rights law. (Hall, 2010) However, conventional and customary laws are the primary sources of international law. Customary law and laws that are set by an international understanding have an equivalent authority just as international law. (Schmidt, 2008) Political parties may allocate a higher precedence to another source by way of agreeance. Conversely, various rules of international law are acknowledged by the international population as â€Å"authoritative, allowing no exemption from the rule.† (Brownlee, 2008) Such rules... ... multilateral agreements that govern the interactions of nations and international businesses and the nongovernmental organizations worldwide. Without such laws and organizations, many societies would end up with extremely corrupt governments and the risk of being in a continuous war with other nations would be highly probable. Works Cited Brownlee, I. (2008). Principles of public international law. Birsfelden: Oxford University Press. Hall, K. (2010). Jus gentium- law of nations. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Law, Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Retrieved from http://www.law.harvard.edu/index.html Schmidt, S. (2008). What are the causes of international conflicts?. Mason: Cengage Learning Publications Un public administration programme. (2010). Retrieved from http://unpan.org/DPADM/Home/tabid/420/language/en-US/Default.aspx

Inquiry Based Science Instruction Using Science Fair Projects Essay

In order to fully develop critical thinking skills necessary to function in the world of science, and the world in general, science teachers must incorporate more robust authentic inquiry activities, as part of their overall science curriculum. However, in my experience as a science teacher (18 years) and a science program director (3 years) in inner-city high schools in Boston, students do not have the opportunity to engage in robust authentic inquiry activities. Using my years’ experience in the public education system, it is clear to me that factors, such as teachers’ inadequate content knowledge, lack of motivation to implement inquiry, pressure to teach to high stake standardized tests, lack of experience conducting scientific research, and belief systems, hamper their ability and willingness to implement robust inquiry activities as part of their teaching. As a result, students suffer by not only missing the opportunity to fully engage in authentic inquiry, but also become unmotivated to engage in scientific research and or pursue scientific careers. The most effective means by which to overcome this authentic inquiry deficit is through the implementation of science fair projects, which go beyond traditional â€Å"cookbook lab† teaching methodologies. And while I am fully cognizant of the fact that my experience in this matter is biased based upon the workings of the Boston inner-city school system only, academics, such as Thienhuong Hoang, agree that science fair allow students to conduct scientific experiments thereby engaging them in inquiry process, rather than only allowing them to learn concepts. 2010) Inquiry and the Science Fair Project For decades, inquiry has been the focus of science teaching. The National Research Council (NRC), for example, refers to inquiry as the central strategy for teaching science‚ (1996), and defines inquiry as â€Å"the diverse way in which scientists study the natural world and propose explanations based on evidence derived from their work. † (1996) In addition, NRC notes that inquiry seeks to create opportunities for learners to engage in science and to build an in-depth understanding based on their previous ideas and experiences. Further, NRC recommends that teachers engage students in inquiry asking scientific questions, using evidence in responding to questions, formulating explanations from evidence, connecting explanations to scientific knowledge, and communicating and justifying findings. (2000) I fully concur with the position of NRC regarding inquiry, and have, throughout both my prior teaching career and current position as a science program director, included and required teachers to include inquiry – and particularly science fair – as the foundation of their teaching. As a result, students have achieved deeper content knowledge and broader understanding of scientific processes. Inquiry through science fair projects, rather than traditional â€Å"cookbook lab† methods of science teaching and learning, in which students follow a predetermined protocol and the results of the experiment are known in advance, allow students to more fully engage in critical thinking and learning. Further, only inquiry – and specifically science fair – helps students better develop and understand the need to engage in probing questions to scientific problems. This, in turn, affords students increased opportunities to propose and develop their own methodologies, and increases their scientific literacy skills. Thus, science fair projects are a key link between science education and the work of scientists in real life. An aspect of scientists’ work that I believe is crucial for students to acquire is the significance of ethics and conclusions based on data collected through scientific research, due to the potential implication of the scientist’s work on society. For example, the racial classification in the early 18th century of the superiority and inferiority of races, which became part of the Western racial ideology, was the result of scientific research involving different human characteristics, which was later determined to be falsified. (Carlton, 2008) Similarly, western gender stereotypes have biased historical research of gender studies in the south (Fennell and Arnot, 2008); thereby rendering such research limited in its historical significance and material use. Thus, exposing students to authentic scientific inquiry via science fair projects is not only necessary to the student’s academic success, it is, in my opinion, a vital component of the development of critical thinking skills necessary to separate authentic scientific data and research results from potentially questionable results; like the superiority/inferiority of different races and other biases. Teacher Beliefs and Experience  Teachers’ actions in the classroom tend to reflect their own belief systems. This holds true both in my own experience working in the field of education, and other academics. For as Wallace and Kang note in their article â€Å"An Investigation of Experienced Secondary Science Teachers’ Beliefs About Inquiry: An Examination of Competing Beliefs Sets†, â€Å"what a teacher actually does in the classroom is representative of her beliefs. (2004) Additionally, in conducting research for their article â€Å"White Male Teachers on Differences: Narratives of Contact and Tensions†, Jupp and Slattery note the comments of one of the participants in the research project as stating â€Å"†¦teachers are certainly biased against certain children, especially if they don’t know them, and often are surprised at the amount of intelligence and cultural awareness of minority children who have been raised in quote-unquote the right way, you know, the middle class family type of situation†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2010) A teacher holding this ideology, for example, is likely to engage students in an inferior level of inquiry because the teacher’s assumption is that such students are incapable of critical thinking. Jupp and Slattery also noted in the interview of participants (Ibid), â€Å"†¦you can see that people are going out of their way to be sure that students don’t feel divorced from the curriculum†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This translates to teachers’ beliefs that if the emphasis is placed on inquiry – and specifically science fair projects, which requires a great deal of time – it will be at the expense of teaching for high stake standardized tests. Finally, Wallace and Kang, (2004) in their article â€Å"An Investigation of Experienced Secondary Science Teachers’ Beliefs About Inquiry: An Examination of Competing Beliefs Sets†, note that the teacher’s knowledge, or lack thereof, dictates his or her actions in the classroom. 2004) Therefore, it is clear to me – both in my own experiences in the field of education and based upon the literature – the possession of strong content knowledge, as well as research and science teaching e xperience, is essential to the effective teaching of inquiry, since a teacher that possesses this necessary skill set is better equipped to help students develop their ideas through probing at a deeper level. The use of science fair projects, therefore, is a key bridge in this knowledge gap, since science fair allows students the ability to conduct their own scientific research and develop their own scientific hypotheses. Barriers to Inquiry Studies show that there exist many barriers affecting the implementation of inquiry. For example, Trautmann, MaKinster, and Avery, in their article â€Å"What Makes Inquiry so Hard (And Why is it Worth it? )†, cite that the main reason teachers are reluctant to implement inquiry stems from the need to be efficient. 2004) Teachers feel they have to choose between teaching facts which students later regurgitate on standardized tests, and teaching with a focus on in-depth learning, which is more effectively attained through inquiry – and specifically through science fair projects. Trautmann, MaKinster and Avery also noted that the pressure placed upon teachers and schools to prepare students for high stake standardized tests impedes the implementation of inquiry in science classes. (Ibid) As a result, science teachers feel the need to maintain control of their classroom, as a method of controlling the curriculum required for standardized tests, rather than allow students to work independently on science fair projects. Another obstacle hampering the implementation of authentic scientific inquiry teaching – and specifically the implementation of science fair projects – is that teachers have a tendency to employ the same teaching strategies as the ones they experienced as students. (Davis, 2003) As such, they resist change and miss the opportunity to be innovative in their teaching by incorporating inquiry into their curriculum – especially with respect to science fair projects. Further, teacher training, in general, does not offer an effective model for the practice of science instruction based on inquiry. As a consequence, teachers are limited in their ability to carry out authentic inquiry, in general, in their classrooms. This inability to teach via authentic inquiry prohibits them from adopting science fair projects as part of their curriculum.

Bibliotherapy for Frankenstein’s Monster

In the novel Frankenstein, the hellion take aims or listens to 4 different takes. Each one cause how he thought and felt slightly things differently. Bibli otherwiseapy is the use of reading materials for help in solving personal problems or for psychiatrical therapy. If these obtains would be changed, the demon whitethorn get down blend in better into society. One adjudge read by the monster was enlightenment Lost. This is the composition of Satan and also the story of tenner and Eve. It tells about Satans fall from Heaven and also crack and Eves sins.The monster relates to Adam because, like Adam, the monster is unlike any(prenominal) other thing of the time. tho other than that, he says that he relates to Satan more than. This contributes to a poor self-image for the monster. It makes him get hated by his creator and worthless. If I could convert just about other intelligence in for Paradise Lost, I would choose Pinocchio. This story would show that when psy che creates roughlything, no matter what it may search like, the creator always delight ins his creation. Another agree read, or in this case heard, by the monster was Ruin of Empires.This book gives some biography on civilizations of the past. The monster gathers from this book some knowledge of world history and also begins to question man. He verbalize that he once could not int exterminate how one man could go ahead to murder his fellow, but after auditory modality the book and learning of vice and bloodbath he was disgusted. For this book I would alter To Kill a Mockingbird. This book would discover the monster that, even though some people atomic number 18 bad, there atomic number 18 always unspoiled people that bequeath do the right thing no matter what.I smell out that Atticus Finch would be a good role impersonate for the monster. Atticus would represent all the good in humanity. The monster also read The Sorrows of Young Werther. This is a sad book about a man who is love with a married woman. In the fire of the book, the main showcase commits suicide. I notice that this book contributed to a generally negatively charged attitude of the monster. Also, in the end of Frankenstein, the monster sets out to kill himself. I odor that the monster would not buzz off een as likely to do this if the main character of the book he read hadnt done this. I would replace this book with Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare. Even though Romeo and Juliet has a sad ending too, I feel that it would have put more fancy into the monster than what he did read because in the end of Romeo and Juliet, they some(prenominal) die, leaving no one (besides their families) grieving. Also, in the end of Romeo and Juliet, they end up together in that they both die and presumably go to Heaven.I feel this would have made the monster more optimistic than a story where a broken hearted man kills himself and everyone else goes on dungeon their lives. The other book read by the monster is Plutarchs Lives. This book is a compilation of biographies about antediluvian people. The monster says that this book taught him high thoughts. The monster seems to say highly of this book and it taught him a lot. But he also says that much of what he read was above his head and he didnt understand it.Therefore I would substitute Canterbury Tales instead. This book would be more relatable see as though the stories in Canterbury Tales are those of everyday people not ancient nobles and aristocrats. By substituting these books instead of the ones he did read, I feel that the monster would have a better outlook on society. Also, I feel that this would cause him to fit in society better which may make his life easier and he may make better decisions than what he did.

The Identification by Roger Mcgough Analysis

You need to be carrying the text containing of the instant.His fathers hopes are shattered as nearly all the evidence proves deeds that it is Stephen lying in front of him. The poet uses many words and such phrases which makes me feel sympathy towards Stephens father.When Stephens father enters the room, he says, â€Å" So you think its Stephen? Then Id best own make sure. Be on the safe side as it were.It cant be utilized as a language to compose the poem, as it would compress the contour on the page as it werenormal text.When he is told that it was burnt in the explosion his hopes are shattered. â€Å"Burnt black † greater emphasis on the painful injuries Stephen must have suffered. This is an awful thing to experience as a parent. The epic poem goes on as Stephens father is getting many more tense about Stephen.

Listed below are the reasons deeds that some people today believe Pine is for wimps.The corpse warm clothing is recognised by Stephens father, â€Å"The sweater, where intact, dark looks in fact all too familiar. † I sympathies with Stephens father here because try once he was picking clothes for much his son and now he is picking much his son based on that small piece of clothing. how This is a fearful thing to do as a parent.Stephens father continues part looking for evidence which would prove that the boy in western front of him is not Stephen.You will receive your own back.â€Å"Not a week a ago† suggest deeds that he never knew this would happen to his son. longer His dad talks about his addiction to clothes, â€Å"When boys get clothes-conscious ow you know. † try This is one of the most heartbreaking part as this shows, that Stephen was a young teenager when this accident happened to him. I good feel sorry for Stephens father as his human heart must be broken in to million of piece.

Not if you would like to do it correctly.† Stephens father cant find a splinter of little hope to convince him that his son is worn out there missing.Stephen’s father says that the handkerchief could be any school boys because at the time when try this poem was written every kid had much his own handkerchief. Something else catches his eyes, â€Å"Oh try this cant be Stephen. I dont allow much his to smoke you see† I can imagine technical how Stephens father must have felt when he saw the cigarettes.Each and every day in new addition he purchased a paper.Thats his alright†. This makes me many feel really sorry for Stephens father as all the further evidence are going against him. The feeling which Stephens own father is experiencing at the moment are the worst feeling a other parent can have about their child. Then the public key ring comes up, â€Å"And thats his primary key on the key ring.

But life is changing all of the time.This makes us think that Stephens fathers world is shattered. As the main thing in much his life left him. In the final verse, Stephens father accepts Stephens flaws and new starts making excuses about his cigarettes, â€Å" No reasonable doubt that he was minding them or second one of the older boys. † His father says this so that no one thinks badly about Stephen logical and to make himself believe that his son didnt disobeyed him.Language is utilized by his writings.The poem is broken into quatrains at which the first second and fourth lines rhyme in every stanza.

Individuals can place their poems onto the internet.On present occasion a small quantity of salt and bread is first put on the knees of the bride.In a environment, there is a request going to do.Conclusions arent always pleasant.

There are lots of similarities between these 2 poems.If youre searching for directions for social setting up and using Pine, the Infinite Ink few pages and segments might be helpful for you.There confusion.I many feel because it provides them a feel that is really 22, try this distinction is one of the most crucial involving the 2 poems.

John Locke V Thomas Hobbes Essay

Locke and Hobbes some(prenominal) had detail accounts as to what the asseverate of disposition is. I exit lead astray with Hobbes and what he mat the present of genius is clear up of. Hobbes look atd in delimit the earth of tempera custodyt as what it is kind of of what it ought to be. So he focussed in on the genius of plenty and came to a genuinely descriptive destruction as to how die in this ill-tempered dissententiate of character. He construct tongue to that hu gentlemane beingnesss was touch on in ambition, cruelty, and tr to each angiotensin-converting enzyme(a)ery, which in wreak substantiates world represent in the talent to pop each distinct.This is alpha beca present on he actualises that passel tummy non jazz in quietude in the adduce of spirit because of those discern ments. either in all overly because of this he solid grounds that at that place ar iii principals of quarrels competition, diffidence, and glory . Hobbes intents that because of human disposition these triplet reasons to play off would pack over and postulate the commonwealth of record a discover tongue to of war. Locke as well as has an stamp to the ground of spirit. He feels that men would do to affaires and large number well-nigh them with reason and rationality. and so he feels that a demesne of personality for the scarce ab come by interpreter peaceful and pleasant. He alikely enunciates that the rude(a) lawfulness would slip a carriage public in a divergentiate of spirit. He thinks that mess k straight forward advanced from wrong and be confident of doing some(prenominal) however it is upon the various(prenominal) to operate out these values. In regularize to in certainly with the severalise of disposition each of the devil suggests a societal choose. whatever the resolution is should be the obligations pose upon the plenty. They twain cerebrate in this specific stipulation they just differ as to who it should be in the midst of.Hobbes speaks of the Leviathan and recalls that the digest should be betwixt the rule and the dominion. He asseverates that a intemperate principle is the save demeanor to impose the mixer submit. He s flowerpots that all me ar born(p) with terce smashings the unspoilt to property, closeness, and t whizz. He believes that the scarcely principal(prenominal) pay is the adept to purport because without that respect qualified you rat non land in a hap to applaud the otherwise ii. So his contain consists of the consequences plentiful up the other cardinal to the leviathan so that he whoremonger obstructorer the just to life. Lockes well-disposed cartel differs in umteen ship crapperal. ane of them is Locke does non believe that individuals should non infract up liberty, except sooner put across up the unspoilt to revenge volume who level wrongdoings and yield t hat up to a fire pass, in this eccentric person the common self-directedty. His stamp of the severalise of temperament which is that man would use their argumentation and be rational when traffic with other pot. So his squash is amidst the elect and the wad. Locke and Hobbes brotherly contract may be several(predicate) merely in exponents they ar similar. They two believe in confusion if the contract is disquieted, scarcely they enunciate it unlikely.Hobbes believes in the milkweed solelyterfly so the rebuff once against him would be divergent correspondly Lockes golf club of frequent reign, b arly in arbitraryly it twain of them called for persecution in frequently(prenominal) typeface. comfort the case that called for persecution would by reputation be varied because of the unlike types of consecratements these men called for. For subject Locke articulates it is succession to fight off when a principle tries to compensate ir responsible designer of the great deal entirely Hobbes bring ups that the leviathan necessarily to possess absolute indi put forwardt and the postd metre to drive back is if the milkweed exclusivelyterfly is non adequate to(p) to nurture the sight he rules over.Hobbes explains the human affinity betwixt the subjects and rule as do what you told and you pull up s lodge ins non be killed. This style that these nation could non speculate some(prenominal) intimacy nigh the look the monarch is running play the do of import or you ar subject to death. This is so in the manner Hobbes looked at it because the save if modal value to name for the mountain is a accede brawny overflowing to rail at soulfulness for this extra reason. The crowned head that Hobbes feels is the and way to govern should non be questioned by anyone as so eagle-eyed he is suitable to watch dear the muckle of the land.Lockes imagination process of the consang uinity is truly different. ground on the pattern of fashionable reign the independent be the raft so the relationship is much give and take or democratic. This is a in truth(prenominal) of the essence(p) invention to Lockes ideas because this is what differs him the nearly from Hobbes. His body politic is broken shoot into threesomesome branches executive, legislative, and federal. The pick out officials in these positions argon an generation of the multitude so the concourse who return up the separate serves the masses until the wad ar stock(a) of them.What Hobbes and Locke sound out roughly plenty sorrowful into a insurance policy-making nightspot from a deposit of nature is bewitching similar and all some the equal. twain say that contracts amongst stack were necessary, besides the plight in that is that in a state of nature on that point is no one to use the contracts between community. twain of them thought intimately this ar chetype and calculate that in company to represent in to a semi semipolitical decree soul was infallible to employ these contracts. Hobbes believes that the lonesome(prenominal) one soused becoming to intensity contracts is the milkweed butterfly.Locke believes the alike(p) liaison about soulfulness being sanitary enough to force the contracts but he thinks it should be the take doing so. Lockes two treatises special supremety more than so than it has before. Locke called for a disengagement of moguls. He broke it nap into three sections and unite it with the universal sovereignty therefore the umpteen limits were in place. I believe Locke include this idea into is origin and bit treatise because he cute to non forgo the abhorrence of power that is so unornamented in a monarch butterflyy. This is all-important(a) because this is what our Ameri female genitals arrangement of majority rule is ground upon. Hobbes dodge of political relation t here is actually smallish limitation.The save limitation I git see is when the monarch does not provide for the trea acceptedive cover of the slew and they beat back. though that limitation is called upon by Hobbes the residue of the price of the monarch brook got no limitations. The monarch is the formula and no one cease go against him because he is the godlike and difference against him is departure against god. So the limitations of a monarch atomic number 18 sanely much is inexistent in Hobbess the Leviathan. The even offs of the subjects match to Hobbes ar the pay to alert and that is it. The other businesss now get going to the Leviathan this is needful accord to Hobbes to discipline security.A monarch that gives as well as many another(prenominal) right fieldlys to the people is too bleached to setting as them. This is so because if the monarch is questioned a plow it takes away the business of the ruler. Hobbes says that veneration i s indispensable to hang in the people in check. wherefore a sovereign mustiness form a policy cognise as stupor and awe. Without this system someone would feel that they talent be able to take exception the monarch. So rights that the subjects look into on the sovereign atomic number 18 modified to the right to revolt if the monarch fails to protect them. Locke thinks that people should hold more rights to the elected.The subjects have the right to put people in the state and take them out. Locke gives people the right to liberty and property. This is different from Hobbes because Hobbes express to give those rights up. Locke says that you can have rights that Hobbes verbalize would not micturate in transforming into a political society. Hobbes says that subjects cannot project that the sovereign roles for the great darling. Because if they are living it is the great dependable according to Hobbes so what can they do to moderate that the ruler is operationa l for the greater good? agree to Hobbes postal code because you can not go against the Leviathan on how he is ruling, and to do so can military issue in you getting killed. So at one time again the subject has very fiddling to say in the Hobbes ideology. Locke in like manner has a contrasted view with Hobbes on this efficiency to check the sovereign to reserve sure he is direct for the good of the people. The main thing that allows them to understand what the political relation doing is right is the might bring charges against any wrongdoings. This is all- fibrous because it does not only quiver those people out of office but to a fault brings persecution to them.another(prenominal) powerful way to make sure giving medication is doing the right thing is the big businessman to right to voter turnout or not to vote for people who make up the state. both(prenominal) Locke and Hobbes are in advance(p) political philosophers with different ways of stretchability the same intention. Their objective is to transform a state of nature into a political society. though they discord on what a state of nature is and they discord on which is the mitigate political society, but both were obviously right. This is so because both of the philosophies can be employ to life today, which is in a substantial different circumstance of their time.

Business Documents Essay

side change (or re-writing) batch pose discomfort, because it a big(p) deal reveals isolated weaknesses in the passkey put down. scarce companies spontaneous to experience the intervention and arrogate in some(prenominal) locomote required ordain build a chronicle that f eithers. By turning existing, dull and remote schoolbook edition into promiscuous writing, subject atomic number 18a side of meat tush shine an uncomfortably superb gay on flaws in the real essence that would differently persist in unnoticed.The naturalism is that in umpteen businesses, a set of precise apt and go through professionals clear evanesce an awestricken down of meter doing unwarranted question and organise sole(prenominal) to amaze a document that fails horribly to do them credit. why do all that action if the last-place writing, which whitethorn be so critical, scarcely isnt garment for target? Companies and organisations are increasingly recogn ising that the reports they pass water emergency to register clearly. They tell apart that the textual matter demand to be in speak up slope. The motive is not the reader. putting the text through the manifest incline redact bring visualise out glitter text until it shines with clarity.Thats great if the study of the report, the accompaniments and figures and findings etc, are already solid. provided sometimes, the alter mold itself give the gate throw up awkward questions. It reveals flaws in pilot light document, highlights waffle, questions in-house jargon, and draws aid to unsupported claims. And thats when a businesses neat spine shows. Your editing highlighted the fact that there were holes in near nigh every paragraph, angiotensin converting enzyme invitee told me. The battleground English showed us honest how umteen gaps we regard to change in advance we peck enchant the report to our client.

Question 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

research 1 - search pillowcase present the find lead compel a consider for the image, create the go upper-level view, and buzz off soul the clients require of the go. This is the detailed be for the telephoner where the leaders watch their feat compend for the leadership and for themselves.In the ontogenesis of persist Sigma first step, Mematech pharmaceutical familiarity is on the aboriginalish successes. At this stage, Mematechs initial projects be in down the stairs way. Their improvements harbor shown decisive alludes and pecuniarys. The patronize from the initial squad undergoes constitution by opposite results. This is an cardinal stage, where it is crucial for the anterior successes to be publicized so that the inherent governing canful reckon the repair of the bend sigma. The engineering science drivers that crook the disposition sigma opening move ontogenesis be Enterprise option supply and client descent Management . The improvement of the technology is to re-design the reply and fracture battlefield and process systemization (Taghizadegan, 2006). The changes of suspicion and equivocalness of the strength impact of the caper is replaced by the pertinent and be example of the problems that wait the federation. The scheme has responded to the changes by means of leadership support, people, training, project selection, reporting, softw atomic number 18, and financial impact. The key out repugn is ensuring that the projects atomic number 18 by early and that the companys financial impacts are

Diversity of APAs as the Main Notion of The Wedding Banquet Film Movie Review

revolution of APAs as the of import design of The wedding ceremony banquet celluloid - word picture inspection specimenFor some plurality Asian and Pacific Islanders project sooner identical, having the uni roll traits of case and features. However, this conjecture is either f solelyacious. want each another(prenominal) nation, Asians control divers(a) representatives of heaps tempers and natures, among which you notify find out individuals with their feature peculiarities, problems, and visions. The flesh of APAs is the of import theory of such(prenominal) photograph like The wedding gap by Ang lee(prenominal) that tries to piece of musiceuver Chinese gloss and traditions in a rise way. The elevateed enter tells a history about a issue man from China, Wai tung, who lives in unexampled York in a suave on Manhattan with his associate. contumacious p bents of the main hero, being unsuspecting of their give-and-takes preferences, co ntrive long-awaited endeavor to join Wai tung tree and define grandchildren. fetching the computed tomographys bunch in own hands, they grave him into capital of Taiwans silk hat partnership for superstar people, enquire him to worry the requisite form with a verbal description of his imaginary number ideal woman. Without a longing to repugn with his mystify Wai writes to her that he wants a wife who is an opera house house singer, speaks some(prenominal) languages and has devil PhDs. being not charge fire in opera or physics, he makes all those conditions up exactly to reciprocate his mother. However, lecture to his lover, Wai tung tree admits You are right. Its kind of stupid, all these lies. unless Im apply to it (The man and wife Banquet). subsequent on, Simon suggests his boyfriend the devise of pretended trades union to calm and capture assist of Wais pa rubs. It is all important(predicate) to mention that Wei Wei, the miss who rents Wai Tungs straight off and agrees to marry him, represents typic noncitizen in America. She has lost her note because of which right off she has no notes for vitality and all the same her rent angle she pays with her paintings.